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Volume 6 Number 7 July 2020

Media Exposure and Fear About Crime: An Application of Mediated Fear Model


Authors: Muhammad Awais ; Sohail Abbas ; Farahat Ali ; Ali Ashraf
Pages: 720-726
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/jssr.67.720.726
Abstract
Social behavior can be troubled by the constant concern of crime. Research on the relationship between traditional media crime exposure, social media crime videos, and fear about the crime is scarce. The present study is designed to investigate whether social media exposure, TV news crime viewing, crime drama exposure is directly or indirectly associated to fear about crime. The theoretical framework of the study is based on the mediated fear model and cultivation theory. A sample of 371 university students was selected through a convenience sampling technique. SPSS 25 was used to analyze the data and Model 4 of Process Macro was used to examine the mediating role of the cognitive component of fear of crime (perceived seriousness, perceived risk, and perceived control). The results show that television news crime viewing, crime drama, and social media crime video exposure is positively associated with fear about crime. Moreover, three cognitive components of fear of crime played a mediatory role between traditional media exposure and fear of crime. In addition to this, the relationship between social media crime video exposure and fear about crime was mediated by the cognitive component of fear of crime.

Teachers’ Professional Ethics and Classroom Management as a Correlate of Students’ Academic Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Abia State, Nigeria


Authors: Chukwuemeka Joseph Chukwu ; Evelyn Ijeoma Ezepue ; Kalu-mba Evelyn ; Ukamaka Felicia Iremeka ; Nweke Prince Onyemaechi ; Madu Chioma Vivian ; Iro Stephen Uwakwe
Pages: 715-719
DOI: doi.org/10.32861//jssr.67.715.719
Abstract
The study examined teachers’ professional ethics and classroom management as a correlate of students’ academic performance in public secondary schools in Abia State, Nigeria. Two research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted a Correlational Research Design. The population of the study consisted of 9,200 Secondary School Students in Public Secondary Schools. The study sampled 920 students representing 10% of the populations using Stratified Random Sampling Technique. The instrument for data collection was structured questionnaire titled: “Teachers’ Professional Ethics and Classroom Management of Students Academic performance (TPECMSAP)”. The instrument was validated by three experts. The instrument was tested using t-test method and calculated with Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation which yielded an index of 0.71 for teachers’ professional ethics and 0.89 for classroom management. Data collected was analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions.  Pearson’s r, R2 (coefficient of determination) and multiple regression analysis was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 levels of significance. The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between teachers’ professional ethics, classroom management and students academic performance. The findings of the study revealed that employment of qualified teachers and other professionals’ demands for practices to ensure high academic performance. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that government and the school administrators should organize seminars, workshops and conferences to create more awareness on teachers’ ethics and classroom managements on academic performance of students in Nigeria.

Guidelines for Accommodation Designs to Promote Community-Based Tourism in Takua Pa Old Town


Authors: Sakawrat Boonwanno ; Kasetchai Laeheem ; Banthita Hunt
Pages: 708-714
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/jssr.67.708.714
Abstract
The objective of this qualitative study was to find out guidelines for accommodation designs to promote community-based tourism in Takua Pa Old Town, Phang-nga Province.  Data were collected from seven informants consisting of owners of old residential buildings who lived in the community and members of organizations involved in old town conservation through in-depth interviews and non-participant observations. For data analysis, the data were categorized, interpreted and concluded using descriptive analysis. The results of the study were that designing accommodations for Takua Pa Old Town began from investigating the conditions, architecture and uses of old buildings. After that the results of the investigations were used in designing an accommodation in the category of “hometel” with two storeys based on the old architectural style in the area. Thus, the hometel was designed to have a space for doing activities, recreation and get togethers. This design of accommodation in the community would promote tourists to learn and understand the community’s way of life and this type of accommodation could be used as guidelines for development and promotion of another way for making income in the community.

Development of Learning Activities to Promote Islamic Ethics for Muslim Youth in the Three Southern Border Provinces, Thailand


Authors: Kasetchai Laeheem ; Jaruwat Songmuang ; Hasbullah Azizskul ; Khaled Hayisa-e ; Abdullah Chelong
Pages: 700-707
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/jssr.67.700.707
Abstract
The objectives of the study were to investigate conditions of Islamic ethics promotion and to develop learning activities to promote Islamic ethics for Muslim youth in the three Southern border provinces.  Data were collected through in-depth interviews, brainstorming and critique meetings with four groups of informants: Muslim youth, parents and guardians, Muslim leaders, and Muslim academics.  The data were analyzed using content analysis and presented using descriptive analysis. The results were as follows.  1) Islamic ethics promotion faced the problems of lacking experts or knowledgeable persons to carry out Islamic ethics promotion, and family did not give importance to Islamic ethics promotion.  As a result, Islamic ethics promotion was not successful, Muslim youth did not receive enough Islamic ethics promotion and some of them behaved against Islamic ethical principles and neglected Islamic practice.  Even though Islamic ethics promotion is needed for Muslim youth to live their lives consistent with Islamic principles, some of them wanted to have group learning activities and Islamic ethics training camps to be organized regularly so that they could appropriately apply them in their everyday life.  2) There were seven types of learning activities to promote Islamic ethics among Muslim youth that the community could apply according to the needs of the target group and community context.  They were group study activities, mind-resting activities and nighttime Islamic activities, Islamic ethics training camps, Anasyid activities (singing and chanting activities to raise awareness), social reflection plays, volunteering activities, and meet the Muslim youth of new generation activities.

Political Reform and Its Impact on Representing the Bahraini Political Associations in the Elections of the House of Representatives (2002-2018)


Authors: Bashar Awad Al-Tarawneh
Pages: 691-699
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/jssr.67.691.699
Abstract
This study aimed at identifying the political reform and its impact on representing the political associations in the elections of the Bahraini House of representatives (2002-2018). The study used the analytical descriptive approach in order to describe the political reform that took place in Bahrain, describe the elections of the Bahraini House of representatives and analyze the amount of representing the political associations in the Bahraini House of representatives. The study results showed that the role of political reform that took place in Bahrain resulted in positive outcomes during the issuance of the most important law for the political associations, law No. (26) for the year 2005, which was later amended by issuing the law No. (34) for the year 2014. The results also revealed that the amount of representing the Bahraini political associations in the elections of 2002 was high; however, after those elections, the Bahraini political associations began gaining less seats in the elections of 2006, 2010, 2014 and 2018. The study recommended that the Bahraini political associations should promote themselves under the regulations of law that organizes its work in order to communicate its vision and plans to all the categories of the Bahraini population. The study also recommended the necessity of attracting all the age categories in the Bahraini community to become members in the Bahraini political associations, particularly those whose ages range between (20-30) years old.

Financial Re-Engineering and Growth in Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria


Authors: Adegbie Folajimi Festus ; Olaore O. Oyindamola
Pages: 670-690
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/jssr.67.670.690
Abstract
Small and Medium Enterprises are the major engine room for growth of every nation.In recent times, studies have shown that business processes have become complex and these have affected the sustainability of SMEs. Changes in business processes require organizations to be dynamic and exploit opportunities perceived to influence performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The study examined the effect of financial reengineering on the growth in performance of SMEs in Nigeria. The study employed survey research design. The sampled  population was 11,663 SMEs in Lagos State,the business heartbeat of Nigeria. Using Taro Yamane formula, Sample size was 387. The owners/managers of these SMEs were selected through a multi-stage sampling technique involving stratified and proportionate sampling method. 387 copies of structured questionnaire were administered with a retrieval rate of 100%. Cronbach alpha coefficient ranged from 0.707 to 0.832. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. The findings revealed that financial re-engineering has significant effect on sales growth of SMEs.........