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Volume 2 Number 10 October 2016

Assessing the Vulnerability of Sorghum Converted Lines to Anthracnose and Downy Mildew Infection


Authors: Louis K. Prom ; Ramasamy Perumal ; Hugo Cuevas ; Ghada Radwan ; Seriba Katil? ; Thomas Isakeit ; Clint Magill
Pages: 101-106
Abstract
A total of 59 converted sorghum lines and 6 checks were evaluated for resistance to two foliar fungal diseases, anthracnose and downy mildew (SDM) in 2008 and 2009 growing seasons at the Texas A&M AgriLife Research Farm, College Station, Texas. In 2008, 23 lines exhibited resistance (35%), 29 susceptible (45%) and 13 variable responses (20%) while 15 lines showed resistance (28%), 31 susceptible (57%), and 8 variable responses to anthracnose in 2009. Nine lines SC748, PI534101, PI534073, PI533950, PI534155, PI533802, PI533776, PI533911 and PI533759 exhibited anthracnose resistance response in both years. Significantly a wide range of 8 to 89% SDM incidence was observed in the study. None of the lines recorded SDM resistance reaction in both years. However, 15 lines PI534119, PI533983, PI597970, PI534160, PI570726, PI534161, PI534112, PI576374, PI533753, SC748, PI533991, PI569998, PI534050, PI534155 and PI533898 recorded moderate resistance to SDM incidence and recommended for use in further breeding programs. There was a positive significant correlation (P = 0.0392) between anthracnose and SDM, indicating that the lines showing higher SDM incidence favors higher anthracnose infection. Significant correlation between precipitation and SDM was also noted. SC748 and PI534155 exhibited resistance to anthracnose and downy mildew diseases and hold promise for utilization in breeding programs as potential checks.

Some Kinetic Properties and Inhibition of Glutathione S-Transferase from a Hybridized Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)


Authors: Hulya Ozturk Dogan ; Mustafa Erat
Pages: 94-100
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase enzymes (GSTs) play central roles in phase II detoxification of both xenobiotics and endogenous compounds in almost all living organisms. The enzyme was extracted and partially purified from wheat leaves through a procedure including ammonium sulfate fractionation followed by dialysis and gel filtration chromatography. These procedures yielded a 7.14-fold purification with 71% recovery. Optimum activity conditions-pH, temperature and ionic strength-of the enzyme were determined. Its some kinetic properties such as Vmax, KM, and kcat were calculated for GSH and CDNB substrates. The kcat/KM values of the enzyme were 603.5 for GSH and 385.3 for CDNB. The native molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 52 kDa based on its mobility in gel filtration column.