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Volume 9 Number 2 April 2023

Testing the Effect of Some Materials to Control Pythium Aphanidermatum Isolated from Cucumber


Authors: Ibtisam Mohammed Hussein ; Abbas Razzaq Abed
Pages: 266-272
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/jac.92.266.272
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to identify the effectiveness of household materials that are used to sterilize vegetables from the fungus Pythium aphanidermatum (P. aphanidermatum). Samples were taken from the damaged cucumber in the local markets of Babil Governorate, Iraq. These samples were kept in sterile cool containers until they reached the Microbiology lab. of the Department of Community Health, Technical Institute of Babylon. The samples were cultured laboratory in the Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA), then a microscopic examination was carried out to identify the fungus using the lacto phenol cotton blue dye. Use in this study most common household materials to sterilize vegetables before keeping them in the refrigerator or before eating are Potassium Permanganate (KMnO4), Sodium Hypochloride (NaOCl)  and table salt (NaCl). Five concentrations were used for each sterile material, and five replicates of culture dishes were used for each concentration (A mixture of sterile material with the SDA) after which the fungus was cultured. By using the minimum inhibitory concentration assay, the radial growth inhibition assay and the microscopic fungal examination, the efficacy of sterilizers was identified. The final results showed the presence of antifungal efficacy for all sterilizers used, with different concentrations. This study concluded that these materials can be used by housewives to sterilize vegetables before keeping them in the refrigerator or eating them.

How to Cite: Ibtisam Mohammed Hussein, Abbas Razzaq Abed, 2023. "Testing the Effect of Some Materials to Control Pythium Aphanidermatum Isolated from Cucumber." Journal of Agriculture and Crops, vol. 9, pp. 266-272.

Distribution and Classification of Medicinal Plants in Zakhikhah Area of Al-Anbar Desert


Authors: Fatin H. Al-Dulaimi
Pages: 257-265
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/jac.92.257.265
Abstract
This study included the Zakhikhah area in the Al- Anbar desert, which it bounded on the north, east, and west by the Euphrates River and on the south by the Ramadi-Qaim road. Several exploratory field trips were taken to the study area. During this time, a semi-detailed area survey was carried out based on satellite imagery captured by American Land sat-7, topographic maps, and natural vegetation variance. All necessary field tools, including a digital camera and GPS device, were brought to determine the soil type and collect plant samples. All of these visits are planned to cover the entire state of Zakhikhah. All vegetation cover observations, identifying sampling sites and attempting to inventory and collect medicinal plants in the study area at all stages were recorded. The reasons for the variation in the distribution of medicinal plants in the Zakhikhah area were also presented in this study concerning their distribution sites. The total number of species collected in all stages, according to the findings of this study, was 12. The most abundant plant was the hibiscus, which accounted for 35.40% of the total area and covered 4210.8 acres. The samples were identified, named, and preserved in the University of Anbar’s College of Education for Pure Sciences/Department of Life Sciences herbarium.

How to Cite: Fatin H. Al-Dulaimi, 2023. "Distribution and Classification of Medicinal Plants in Zakhikhah Area of Al-Anbar Desert." Journal of Agriculture and Crops, vol. 9, pp. 257-265.

Foliar Application of Liquid-Silicate Rock Fertilizer Counteracts the Suppressing Effects of Saline Soils on Soybeans: A Glasshouse Assessment


Authors: Joko Priyono ; Akhmad Zubaidi
Pages: 250-256
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/jac.92.250.256
Abstract
Developing an alternative method for productive farming on saline soils is necessary because remediating the soils is not feasible on-farm. A foliar application of liquid-silicate rock fertilizer (LSRF) was proposed in response to this need, and its effectiveness was evaluated in a greenhouse. The specific aim of the research was to identify the effects of LSRF on the growth and yield components of soybeans grown on salinized soils. The experiment employed a split plot in a completely randomized design, with the main plot consisting of soil salinity levels (EC), i.e., 0.5, 1.5, and 2.5 dS. m-1 and the sub-plot was the concentration of applied LSRF, i.e., 0, 1, 2, and 3 %, in triplicates. Results reveal an increase in soil EC to 2.5 dS. m-1 slowed down the growth rate and reduced the yield of soybeans by about 20 %. In contrast, applying LSRF at concentrations ranging from 1 to 3% improved soybean growth and yield components while reducing the severity of soil salinity’s effects on the plant. Foliar application of LSRF could be an effective method of reducing the stresses caused by saline environments in soybeans. 

How to Cite: Joko Priyono, Akhmad Zubaidi, 2023. "Foliar Application of Liquid-Silicate Rock Fertilizer Counteracts the Suppressing Effects of Saline Soils on Soybeans: A Glasshouse Assessment." Journal of Agriculture and Crops, vol. 9, pp. 250-256.

Farmers’ Adaptation Strategies to the Effect of Climate Variation on Yam Production in Ebonyi State, Nigeria


Authors: Chukwu Victor A. ; Osuafor Ogonna Olive ; Ukwuaba Ikenna C., et. al.
Pages: 240-249
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/jac.92.240.249
Abstract
This study analyzed farmers’ adaptation strategies to the effect of climate variation on yam production in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Primary data were collected with the aid of questionnaire and interview schedule from 240 yam farmers using multi-stage random sampling techniques. Primary data were collected with the aid of questionnaire and interview schedule; while secondary data were collected from Nigerian Institute of Metrological Agency in Ebonyi State and Metrological station of Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki. Result shows that environmental factors such aslate rainfall (x=3.0), high temperature (x=3.0) and high relative humidity (x=2.9) were accepted because they scored above the decision point of 2.5. Majority (45.42%) of the respondents were aware of changes in environmental factors through radio programmes and announcements.Further analysis revealed that majority (37.50%) and (36.25%) of the yam farmers in Ebonyi State adopted mixed cropping and improved farming techniques, respectively as their major adaptation strategies.coefficient of multiple determination an R2 of 0.553 or 55.3 percent; which implied that about 55.3 percent of the fluctuations in the output of yams were explained by the changes in explanatory variables contained in the regression model. Rainfall (X1) was negatively signed and statistically insignificant. Temperature (X2) was positively signed. Sunshine (X3)waspositively and significantly signed; while relative humidity (X4) bore a negative sign. The null hypothesis tested was rejected at 5%level of significance since F-cal (3.089) was greater than F-tab (2.14). This study had shown that climatic factors significantly influenced yam production in Ebonyi State. Based on the findings of this study,it wasrecommended that the socio-economic status of the yam farmers should be enhanced to enable them afford and adopt proven measures that would mitigate environmental factors; all available sources of information on environmental factors should be embraced and enhanced for fast spread of information to the farmers; extension agents who are in close touch with the yam farmers should be trained on interpretation of weather forecasts so as to disseminate same to their farmers among others.

How to Cite: Chukwu Victor A., Osuafor Ogonna Olive, Ukwuaba Ikenna C., Enyigwe Juliet, Chinenye Chinaza Priscilia, 2023. "Farmers’ Adaptation Strategies to the Effect of Climate Variation on Yam Production in Ebonyi State, Nigeria." Journal of Agriculture and Crops, vol. 9, pp. 240-249.

Farmer’s Knowledge on Weed Management, Soil Fertility and Moisture Conservation Practices on Rice Production, A Case Study of Mbarali District in Tanzania


Authors: Mkoka Hamza Juma ; Kallunde P. Sibuga ; Newton L. Kilasi
Pages: 233-239
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/jac.92.233.239
Abstract
This study was intended to investigate farmer’s knowledge on weed management, soil fertility and moisture conservation in rice production. A field survey was conducted between December 2020 and February 2021 in Mbarali District involving 90 rice growers, whereby structured questionnaire was used cropping seasons 2020-21. The collected data were analysed to determine distribution of respondents per variables using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 16. Mean separation in each variable was done using independent sample t-test at p≤0.05 level of significance to determine whether there was statistically significance different between each agronomic practice and productivity. The results revealed that weeds and soil fertility were big problems on rice productivity in Mbarali. The majority (98.9%) of interviewees reported to have challenges of weed infestation and all (100%) responding inadequate soil fertility constrains rice productivity, which forced them to use inorganic fertilizer for better yield. Farmers (43.3%) interviewed reported to have applied herbicides to control weed and majority (56.7%) of interviewees’ practised hand weeding as measures to manage weed infestation. Three practices which are application of inorganic fertilizer (100%) incorporating crop residues (90%) and application of organic manure (6.7%) were determined as being practised by farmers that facilitate the improvement of soil nutrients and conservation of water. Furthermore three types of seeds were identified as being used by farmers; Certified (6.7%), Quality declared seed (QDS) (36.7%) and Farmer saved seed (FSS) (56.7%). Furthermore, the results indicated significantly higher yield of famers use certified seeds (2.83 t/ha, P≤0.041), (23.67 t/ha, P≤0.001) and (3.52t/ha P≤0.001) for 2017-18, 2018-19 and 2019-20 production seasons respectively.

How to Cite: Mkoka Hamza Juma, Kallunde P. Sibuga, Newton L. Kilasi, 2023. "Farmer’s Knowledge on Weed Management, Soil Fertility and Moisture Conservation Practices on Rice Production, A Case Study of Mbarali District in Tanzania." Journal of Agriculture and Crops, vol. 9, pp. 233-239.

Farmers’ Perspectives on Sugarcane Management in Nepal: Empirical Evidence from Logistic Regression Model


Authors: Niranjan Devkota ; Alika Kumari ; Sahadeb Upretee, et. al.
Pages: 222-232
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/jac.92.222.232
Abstract
The majority of rural poor in this country, as in most developing countries including Nepal, is dependent upon agriculture. In spite of sugarcane is a major economic crop, Nepalese sugarcane growers are getting problem day by day. The study was undertaken to analyze the viewpoints, attitudes, and perspectives of sugarcane growers on sugarcane cultivation and management among Nepalese farmers. The cognitive behavioral theory was applied to better understand how farmers’ behaviors and decision-making are influenced by their ideas, thoughts, and attitudes towards the industry. The study is based on explanatory research design and collected primary data using structured questionnaire. Following probability sampling techniques, cluster sampling is used to select 280 sugarcane farmers from at ward no. 3,8,9, and 10 of Kabilashi Municipality, a most sugarcane growers in Sarlahi. Data collection was made using kobo toolbox and observation methods. The Binary Logistic Model was used for analyzing farmers’ perspectives on sugarcane management. Results indicate that (80%) sugarcane growers are not getting paid on time and in full. Similarly, the logit model revealed that farmers are well aware of sugarcane management since factors were found to be statistically significant at a desirable probability level in the logit model. The study concludes that although Nepal has a lot of potential to enhance sugarcane production, but the full potential has not yet been fully realized. In this context, the findings of this research will be beneficial for the Ministry of Agriculture, policymakers, and the government to understand the challenges and issues faced by sugarcane growers and to develop policies and solutions to address these issues.

How to Cite: Niranjan Devkota, Alika Kumari, Sahadeb Upretee, Devid Kumar Basyal, Surendra Mahato, Deependra Karki, Udaya Raj Paudel, Seeprata Parajuli, Krishna Dhakal, 2023. "Farmers’ Perspectives on Sugarcane Management in Nepal: Empirical Evidence from Logistic Regression Model." Journal of Agriculture and Crops, vol. 9, pp. 222-232.

Ethical Dimension and Divergence of Climate Change; An Approach to Climate Change Morality


Authors: Osuji E. E. ; Onyemauwa C. S. ; Obasi I. O., et. al.
Pages: 211-221
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/jac.92.211.221
Abstract
The study examined the ethical dimension and divergence of climate change; an approach to climate change morality which has raised imminent concerns and propositions. People’s attitudes, behaviours, wrong perceptions and involvement in unhealthy acts engenders climate change; hence putting our ecosystems, environment and biodiversity in danger. Considering the excesses and negative impacts of climate change, various stakeholders involving governments, corporations, NGOs, groups, and individuals are taking practical steps in addressing climate change issues, by considering the ethical and moral implications. However, addressing these disturbances draws strength and energy from right motives and guided behavioral approaches. In as much as financial remunerations is required in counterbalancing climate change, human behaviors and attitudes are the best bet and offers a lasting solution. Consequently, globally climate justice and environmental justice are currently being deployed as ethical weapons in addressing global warming. This hopes to provide fresh perspectives on climate change ethics and modifications. it is recommended that orientations, seminars, workshops, symposiums and climate change conferences bothering on ethics, morality and responsibility should be provided at all levels of the socio-strata by various governments of nations to reposition the mind and mindset of the individuals, group of persons and the populace.

How to Cite: Osuji E. E., Onyemauwa C. S., Obasi I. O., Nwachukwu E. U., Olaolu M. O., Obi J. N., Nkwocha G. A., Nzeakor F. C., Ifejimalu A. C. T., Iroegbu C. S., Osang E. A., Inyang P., 2023. " Ethical Dimension and Divergence of Climate Change; An Approach to Climate Change Morality." Journal of Agriculture and Crops, vol. 9, pp. 211-221.

Assessment of Nutritional Quality and Physico-Chemical Properties of Semi-Commercially Produced Mixed Fruit Juice From Citrullus lanatus, Citrus sinensis and Citrus paradisi


Authors: Agunbiade Shadrach Oludare ; Afolabi Olakunle Bamikole ; Mabayoje Samson Olatunde, et. al.
Pages: 205-210
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/jac.92.205.210
Abstract
Nutritional quality, a value added measure has recently been emphasized as an important consideration in the production of commercially available fruit juices in order to promote health and wellness of the consumers. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the nutritional value of a laboratory produced mixed fruit juice using fresh samples of water melon, Citrullus lanatus; grape, Citrus paradisi and sweet orange, Citrus sinensis, under strict cleanliness. The microbiological assessment of fruit juices was carried out and raw untreated fruit juices were all coliform free. The mixed fruit juice had a pH value of 4.31, acidity; 5.30 g/ kg tartaric acid; specific gravity of 1.06 and organoleptic values (low), respectively. Pasteurization for 30 min at 75 0C with added 40 ppm of sodium metabisulphite apparently optimized the product, being highly microbiologically stable. On the basis of combined favourable organoleptic, physicochemical and microbiological properties, this product could be suggested suitable for human consumption and therefore, recommended for commercial purposes.

How to Cite: Agunbiade Shadrach Oludare, Afolabi Olakunle Bamikole, Mabayoje Samson Olatunde, Ogunleye Omotola, Jaiyesimi Kikelomo Folake, 2023. "Assessment of Nutritional Quality and Physico-Chemical Properties of Semi-Commercially Produced Mixed Fruit Juice From Citrullus lanatus, Citrus sinensis and Citrus paradisi." Journal of Agriculture and Crops, vol. 9, pp. 205-210.

Strategy of Rice Productivity Increment Through Agronomical Treatment at Two Flooding Types of Tidal Swampland


Authors: Gribaldi ; Nurlaili ; Novriani, et. al.
Pages: 199-204
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/jac.92.199.204
Abstract
The research objective is to increase rice productivity using a ratoon system through N fertilizer and growth regulator treatments at two flooding types of tidal swampland. It was conducted from February to August 2020. The experiment design used in this research is Split Plot Design with three replications. The main plot is N fertilizer and rice variety (NV) which consisted of N1V1= N fertilizing, 1/3 dose during planting + 1/3 dose at primordia phase + 1/3 dosis at harvest for Inpari 30 variety; N1V2= N fertilizing, 1/3 dose during planting + 1/3 dose at primordia phase + 1/3 dose at harvest for Hipa 5 Ceva variety; N2V1= N fertilizing, 1/3 dose during planting + 1/3 dose at primordia phase + 1/6 dose at harvest +1/6 dose at 21 days after harvest for Inpari 30 variety; N2V2= N fertilizing, 1/3 dose during planting + 1/3 dose at primordia phase + 1/6 dose at harvest +1/6 dose at 21 days after harvest for Hipa 5 Ceva variety. The subplot is the application of growth regulator GA3 (G) consisting of G0 = without application of GA3; G1 = application of GA3 once in 7 days; G2 = application of GA3 once in 14 days. The research results showed that N fertilizing, 1/3 dose during planting + 1/3 dose at primordia phase + 1/3 dosis at harvest and application of growth regulator GA3 60 ppm with interval of once in 7 days to ratoon rice is capable to increase rice productivity using ratoon rice system at B and C flooding types at tidal swampland.

How to Cite: Gribaldi, Nurlaili, Novriani, S. Diana, N. Marlina, 2023. "Strategy of Rice Productivity Increment Through Agronomical Treatment at Two Flooding Types of Tidal Swampland." Journal of Agriculture and Crops, vol. 9, pp. 199-204.

Cash Crop Output and Foreign Currency Exchange Rate in Nigeria: A Vector Error Correction Model Analysis


Authors: Alexander Olawumi Dabor ; UMORU David ; Beauty Ekiomado Eguasa, et. al.
Pages: 187-198
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/jac.92.187.198
Abstract
This study examined the relationship among cash crop exportation, real exchange rate, nominal exchange rate, and exchange volatility. This study focuses on the effects of the exchange rate on cash crop exportation in Nigeria. This study covers a four-decade period between, 1980 and 2020. The study used a pairwise granger, Distributive Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach to co-integrate the long-run relationship among the variables. The outcome of the study shows that there is unidirectional causality between cash crop production and nominal exchange in the long run. The result also reveals that there is unidirectional causality between exchange rate volatility in the long run. The result further shows that there is a bidirectional causality between exchange rate volatility and the real exchange rate. This study recommended that the government should participate actively in the money market in order to effectively guard the volatility of the market which will go a long way to enhance economic stability.

How to Cite: Alexander Olawumi Dabor, UMORU David, Beauty Ekiomado Eguasa, LOVY  Omote-Ivie Atarere, Victor Chukwudeme Odu, Abusomwa Racheal Eloho, 2022. "Cash Crop Output and Foreign Currency Exchange Rate in Nigeria: A Vector Error Correction Model Analysis." Journal of Agriculture and Crops, vol. 9, pp. 187-198.

Resistance of Cunninghamia lanceolata Wood Against White-rot Fungi by Using Thermo-Mechanical Treatment


Authors: Nguyen Thi Tuyen ; Pham Van Chuong ; Vu Kim Dung, al. et.
Pages: 178-186
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/jac.92.178.186
Abstract
Heat treatment is an effective method to enhance the biological durability of wood without the use of preservatives. This study aims to analyze the effect of thermo-mechanical treatment on the durability of wood against the attack of some white rot fungi. The central composite design (CCD) method with the help of Design Expert 12.0 software was used to investigate the effects of temperature, compression time, and compression ratio on the white rot fungus resistance of Cunninghamia lanceolata wood. The obtained results revealed that the thermo-mechanical treatment of Cunninghamia lanceolata samples showed improved antifungal resistance compared to the untreated ones. After 4 months of testing in laboratory conditions, all wood samples with heat-mechanical treatment showed better resistance to fungi. Moreover, the different temperatures, compression ratios, and compression time bring out the different mass loss rates. The obtained results indicate that the wood samples modified at the temperature of 200°C, and 0.6 min/mm thickness combined with the compression ratio ranging from 40÷42% gave the lowest loss rate. Particularly, the resistance test for Lentinula edodes gives the best results when the wood compression time is at 0.7 min/mm thickness. Also, this work would provide a scientific and theoretical basis for the relationship between thermo-mechanical treatment and the biological durability of Cunninghamia lanceolata wood.

How to Cite: Nguyen Thi Tuyen, Pham Van Chuong, Vu Kim Dung, Nguyen Viet Hung, Tran Duc Hanh, 2022."Resistance of Cunninghamia lanceolata Wood Against White-rot Fungi by Using Thermo-Mechanical Treatment."Journal of Agriculture and Crops, vol. 9, pp. 178-186.

Comparative Analysis of Rice Farming with Tabela and Tapin System in Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency, Jambi Province


Authors: Saidin Nainggolan ; Yanuar Fitri ; Ardhiyan Saputra
Pages: 172-177
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/jac.92.172.177
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the comparison of the Tabela system rice farming with the Tapin system. The research was conducted in East Tanjung Jabung Regency, Jambi Province. The sample villages are Lagan Ulu Village and Simbur Naik Village. The sample size was 90 farmers, 45 farmers with the Tabela system of lowland rice farming, and 45 farmers with the Tapin rice farming system. Sampling with Simple Random Sampling Method. The data analysis method used descriptive analysis, and the production function of Cobb-Douglass Stochastic frontier, the measure of farmer behavior refers to the Kumbhakar and X-square test. The results of the study explain that the use of production inputs for the two rice farming patterns of the Tabela system and the Tapin system is not significantly different except for the use of seeds. Tabela rice farming system is more responsive to the use of production inputs. Farmers’ preferences for production risk are risk takers. The allocation of the use of urea fertilizer and pesticides is a risk averter, while the use of seeds, NPK fertilizer, and labor is a risk taker. Productivity, revenue, income, RC ratio, and profit were higher in the Tabela farming system than the Tapin system and were significantly different.

How to Cite: Saidin Nainggolan, Yanuar Fitri, Ardhiyan Saputra, 2023. "Comparative Analysis of Rice Farming with Tabela and Tapin System in Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency, Jambi Province." Journal of Agriculture and Crops, vol. 9, pp. 172-177.

Drivers in Adoption of Urea Deep Placement Technology in Paddy Cultivation: An Empirical Study in Kalahandi District of Odisha, India


Authors: Nishith Ranjan Parida ; Damodar Jena ; Rabi Narayan Subudhi, et. al.
Pages: 164-171
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/jac.92.164.171
Abstract
Effectively managing the nutrient has been an important challenge among the farmers and a concern to the environmentalist. Not innovation, but rather a diffusion of technology among the farmers is a crucial challenge. Urea deep placement (UDP) in paddy cultivation is an innovation by international fertilizer development corporations to reduce nitrogen loss and increase the use efficiency of urea. The study adopted the treatment effect model at two-stage to answer the following two research questions: (a) what are the drivers in the adoption of UDP technology among farmers in paddy cultivation; and (b) what is the effect of adopted technology on the output of paddy? The important drivers, in this regard, include land ownership, gender, extension services, off-farm income, membership of farmer groups & training attended, assured risk coverage, and irrigation. Moreover, farm size and the adoption of urea deep placement technology significantly influenced the output of paddy. Added to the economic benefit of the technology adoption, it also creates employment opportunities in preparing urea briquettes and transplanting them. The placement of a urea briquette reduces chemical leakage and pollutes the water. Along with the adoption of deep placement technology, it has induced farmers on adopting mechanization and proper water distribution and channelization on the paddy field.

How to Cite: Nishith Ranjan Parida, Damodar Jena, Rabi Narayan Subudhi, Sasmita Samanta, Saswat Kumar Pani, Nibal Dibiat, 2023. "Drivers in Adoption of Urea Deep Placement Technology in Paddy Cultivation: An Empirical Study in Kalahandi District of Odisha, India." Journal of Agriculture and Crops, vol. 9, pp. 164-171.

The Impact of Chitosan at the Physical Performance of the Coffee Skin-Based Edible Film


Authors: Luh Suriati ; I. Gede Pasek Mangku ; Gek Ayu Sagita Widya Krisnawati ; Anak Agung Ngurah Surya Girindra
Pages: 156-163
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/jac.92.156.163
Abstract
Coffee is one of the most popular commodities in decades. The expansion of coffee plantations and processing indirectly increases the number of coffee skins. Coffee skin is a problem for the community because it can pollute the environment, and cause an unpleasant odor and an unsightly view. Processing coffee skins into edible films will help overcome the problem of coffee skin waste. Chitosan can be added to increase the functional value of coffee peel-based edible films. Chitosan can form layers, does not affect taste, or aroma, and is safe for consumption. Chitosan also contains a variety of antimicrobial bioactive compounds and can act as a selectively permeable membrane for CO2 and O2 gas exchange. The purpose of this observation turned out to be to determine the impact of the quantity of coffee skins and the concentration of chitosan on the physical properties of edible films made from coffee skins. The study design used a randomized block of two factors, namely the concentration of chitosan (1.0 and 1.5%) and the number of coffee skins (7, 14, 21, and 28%). Each treatment was repeated three times, to determine the physical properties of the coffee skin edible film, namely color (ΔE), transparency, film performance, structural density, thickness, and acidity. The results showed that the number of coffee skins and the concentration of chitosan affected the physical characteristics of edible films made from coffee skins. A concentration of 1.5% chitosan with 21% coffee skin produced the best edible film.

How to Cite: Luh Suriati, I. Gede Pasek Mangku, Gek Ayu Sagita Widya Krisnawati, Anak Agung Ngurah Surya Girindra, 2023. "The Impact of Chitosan at the Physical Performance of the Coffee Skin-Based Edible Film." Journal of Agriculture and Crops, vol. 9, pp. 156-163.

The Diversity of Agronomic Characteristics of Several Local Aceh Rice Germplasm


Authors: Laila Nazirah ; Zahrul Fuady ; Halus Satriawan
Pages: 148-155
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/jac.92.148.155
Abstract
To accelerate the target of national food self-sufficiency, especially rice, the development of upland rice that has high yields and is adaptive to extreme environments is needed. Fulfillment of high-yielding characteristics begins with characterization and selection to get the most adaptive varieties. This study aims to identify the morpho-physiological characteristics of Aceh rice germplasm. The study was conducted in Gampong Paloh Lada and at the Agroecotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Malikussaleh, Aceh Utara Regency, and at the Biology Laboratory in Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, from April to August 2022. This research used a Randomized Block Design non Factorial, comprising 7 local inbreds viz., Unsyiah Cakep (G1), Unsyiah Seumeulu (G2), Cot Bada (G3), Sigunca (G4), Sigupai (G5), Cot Bada (G6) and Rajasa (G7). The parameters measured were growth and yield variables consisting of plant height, number of tillers, flowering age, leaf proline content, root length, shoot-root ratio, number of grains, and weight of 1000 grains. The results indicated that the local germplasm Sigunca and Sigupai have good adaptability by adjusting plant height and forming more tillers than other germplasm. In terms of generative growth, Unsyiah Mantap and Cot Bada are entering generative growth more quickly, as marked by the appearance of flowers. The proline content as an indicator of resistance to water limitations was achieved at the highest level in Unsyiah Cakap at 5 g/mol, followed by Unsyiah Mantap at 3 g/mol.

How to Cite: Laila Nazirah, Zahrul Fuady, Halus Satriawan, 2023. "The Diversity of Agronomic Characteristics of Several Local Aceh Rice Germplasm." Journal of Agriculture and Crops, vol. 9, pp. 148-155.