International Journal of World Policy and Development Studies

Online ISSN: 2415-2331
Print ISSN: 2415-5241

Quarterly Published (4 Issues Per Year)





Archives

Volume 9 Number 1 March 2023

Compactability of Agro based Geopolymer using Sodium Silicate Activator


Authors: Lucia Omolayo Agashua ; Samuel Adebanji Ogbiye ; Olugbenga Oludolapo Amu ; Christopher Ehizemhen Igibah
Pages: 29-38
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/ijwpds.91.29.38
Abstract
The strength of a fine-grained lateritic soilfrom three (3) different localities on Abuja – Lokoja road where road failure happen was treated with rice husk ash (RSA), cement andsodium silicate activator (SSA), with varying percentage examined by means of Atterberg, Compaction and triaxial shear tests. The addition of optimum cement with additives changes laterite sample of plasticity index (PI) into non-plastic and resulted in a minimum of 11.90 % reduction in PI of lateritic soil which led to the belief that additives decreases plasticity of soils, and this is an advantage, because reduction in PI contents indicates animprovement.Thecompaction characteristics of the natural lateritic soils were altered with the addition of optimum contents of OPC with each of RHA, KCP and SSA. The MDD of cement-stabilized residual soil slightly increased with the increase in cement content, whereas by adding RHA, KCP and cement, the OMC is decreases steeply. Also, CBR results shows that CBR of the soil-cement-SSA content increases upon adding sodium silicate activator content up to 4% SSA content before the value experiences reduction at much higher SSA content. But, theRHA-treated residual soils decrease the CBR value from 6% upwards. This, again, alludes that RHA alone is not suitable as stabilizer.

Implication of Land use Land Cover Change for Resource Conflicts and the Role of Community Leaders in Conflict Transformation: The Case at the Adjacent Districts of Amhara and Afar (Dewe) National Regional State, Ethiopia


Authors: Sileshi Abbi Assefa
Pages: 19-28
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/ijwpds.91.19.28
Abstract
This study aimed at investigating LULC detection and the role of community leader in the conflict transformation among the adjacent Afar and Oromo ethnic groups in Afar and Amhara National Regional States. Supervised classification with maximum likelihood techniques were used for image classification and Multi-stage purposive sampling procedure was used for the selection of both study district and kebeles. Both primary and secondary data were used. The primary data was gathered through focus group discussions, key informant interviews, case studies and personal observations. A total of 12 focus group discussions and 42 key informant interviews were held in six adjacent kebeles of the two districts. The period of 2009 to 2018 bare land is increased by 161.21 km2 where as bushed grass land is decreased by 160.15 km2. This may be resulted from population and livestock pressure on land.  The major causes of conflict identified were attached resource competition on farm land, grazing land and theft. Institutions applied in conflict transformation in the study area are mostly by customary institutions with some degree of cooperation with the formal one. The result also shows some challenges attached to the law and local judges’ viz. limited legal permissive stance, urbanization, community trust issue against clan elders in the process of integrating the two law sources. This paper recommends full recognition of the joint roles of Makaabon’s and Aba Gada’s through creating reporting systems of local tribunal activities for the state and capacity building for them by the state and NGOs.  In order to legitimize the role of the leader and incorporate customary laws into the formal system, the customary law laws of both ethnic groups should be studied and written further, potential points of adjustment and cooperation must be identified, broader policy and legislative options has to be set, and laws contradict the country’s constitution.

Assessing the Correlation between Aboveground Carbon Stock, NDVI and Tree Species Diversity (A Study of Kailali and Kanchanpur District)


Authors: Sajana Devkota ; Ram Asheshwar Mandal ; Ananda Khadka
Pages: 11-18
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/ijwpds.91.11.18
Abstract
There is limited research to show the correlation between biophysical character and reflectance value of satellite imageries. Thus, this research was conducted to show the relation between the reflectance value (Normalized Differences Vegetation Index: NDVI) and biophysical characteristics (carbon stock and biodiversity) of forest. Kanchanpur and Kailali districts of Nepal were selected as the study sites. Total 184 plots were established to measure the height and diameter at breast height (DBH). The Landsat 8 image of 2022 was downloaded from USGS.gov. Above ground tree biomass was calculated which was further converted into carbon stock. Tree species diversity was assessed using Shannon-Weiner index (H’). Furthermore, Pearson’ correlation was performed to show the relation between aboveground carbon stock vs NDVI and biodiversity vs NDVI. The descriptive statistics showed that mean value of above ground carbon with standard deviation was 109.70±64.52 and 96.76±53.79 ton/ha in Kanchanpur and Kailali districts respectively. The mean value with standard deviation of H’ index was 1.163 ±0.512 and 1.247 ±0.56 in Kanchanpur and Kailali districts respectively. The mean value with standard deviation of NDVI of the sampled plots was 0.491±0.268 and 0.367±0.192 of Kanchanpur and Kailali districts respectively. The R value of Carbon stock vs NDVI was 0.54 and 0.382 of study sites in Kanchanpur and Kailali districts respectively. Similar results were of Carbon stock vs H’ index and H’ index vs NDVI of the study sites of these districts. t-test showed that, these equations were significant at 5% since p value was less than 0.05. This study will be useful to understand the application of NDVI to correlate with biophysical characteristics of the forest.

Sustainable Future Green School Ecology: Prevents Future-Pandemic Improving Biomedicines-Physiology Health Technology Biodiversity World Policy Development Studies


Authors: Subhas Chandra Datta
Pages: 1-10
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/ijwpds.91.1.10
Abstract
The various lockdowns due to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2/3 (SARS-CoV-2/3) – 2019 (COVID-19 diseases) from March 2020 to up-to-date 2022, and the recent; ‘Freshwater-Living-Pathogens’, infectious viruses ‘hitchhike’ on latching onto microplastics, missing our helpful guts-microbes, and the outbreak of Monkeypox, etc., and the ’Future Pandemic’, has badly affected a worldwide school education; straightforward teaching, health, nutrition, research, and well-being due to their epidemic potentiality and insufficient countermeasures or vaccines or weakening the ability of vaccines to prevent diseases caused by pathogens. So, in the year of ‘Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav’, to overcome it, the main objective is to develop ‘Sustainable Future Green School Ecology’ for sustainable teaching practices during any future pandemic. The survey-based/design study has mainly conducted in the Kanchannagar D. N. Das High School (HS), and the students has identified patterns, trends and problems in lockdowns based on interaction-survey among themselves, teachers, and communities, and mentions some of the solutions deployed to overcome the problem by innovative ideas regarding hybrid learning, health, infrastructure, and biodiversity conservation wildlife for joyful environment with treatment clues against diseases or  infectious disease diagnostics, surveillance, vaccine development, and therapeutics, that will enable a to prevent any global pandemic, and take more advantage of modern environment-friendly technologies to continue teaching during any lockdowns for; “Understanding Eco-System for Health and well-being” and “Fostering health, nutrition, and well-being/Technological innovation for ecosystem and health with the steady reopen opening”, and the ‘School will be the mirror of the society by improving ‘Sustainable Future Green School Ecology’ forming the ‘Common-Activity-Based-Eco-friendly-Complex-Ecosystem-Model’ that prevents any future pandemic improving “Biomedicines-Physiology-Health-Technology-Biodiversity-World Policy and Development-Studies”. And it will encourage children to find local-level problems and take initiatives for developing local technological solutions from green technology, appropriate technology, information and communication technology, or improvising traditional biomedicines-physiology technology based on the principles of frugal innovation.