Impact of Tangible and Intangible Rewards on Organizational Effectiveness: A Mediating Role of Organizational Citizenship Behaviour
Authors: Mohammed Hameed ; Ali Hassan Haraj ; Anas Salman Alabboodi
Pages: 849-856
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.849.856
Abstract
The current study seeks to analyze the impact of the tangible and intangible rewards on organizational effectiveness with the mediating role of organizational citizenship behavior. The study utilized a quantitative research design for that the data was collected using a structured questionnaire. The sample size was 342. The study framework had 4 constructs namely tangible rewards, intangible rewards, organizational citizenship behavior, and organizational effectiveness. Two of the variables (tangible and intangible rewards) were independent variables, organizational effectiveness was dependent variable and organizational citizenship behavior was mediating variables. All the latent construct was measured using multi items based on 5 point Likert scales from 1 strongly disagree to 5 strongly disagree. The data collection instrument was developed referring to past researches done on the seminal researches. Structural Equation Modelling was used to analyze the data. The results suggested the significant relationship of tangible and intangible rewards with organizational effectiveness directly and through the mediation of organizational citizenship behavior.
Impact of Technology Adoption on the Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in India
Authors: Dr. Arif Anjum
Pages: 857-867
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.857.867
Abstract
Technological innovation is believed to improve organization’s performance stimulates growth and the survival of the organization. Many factors influence the SME performance on technology adoption, such as formal strategy, Organization size, customer and supply relationship, technical capabilities, innovative cost and innovative support. The current study examines the performance of SMEs on technology adoption. It also examines the business performance along with the manufacturing performance of SMEs on adoption of newer technologies. The study uses logistic regression and linear regression to estimate manufacturing and business performance of SMEs. The results convey that the adoption of technologies by SMEs influence their manufacturing performance. Further, it can be concluded that, drivers of technology adoption partly influence the business performance of SMEs.
Acquisitions of Financially Constrained Targets
Authors: Maslinawati Mohamad ; Surendranath Rakesh Jory ; Nnamdi Madichie
Pages: 868-877
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.868.877
Abstract
We examine the extent to which bidders’ stock returns at acquisition announcements reflect the financing needs of the target firm. Using a sample of the United States mergers and acquisitions of a period starts in 1985 and ends in 2012, we find that bidders of financially constrained targets pay lower acquisition premiums and earn higher announcement period cumulative abnormal returns than bidders of unconstrained targets. The lower premium and positive stock market reaction are both sources of value for bidders’ shareholders. Our results contrast the findings of the literature that document an insignificant wealth transfer to bidder shareholders.
Human Capital Efficiency and Financial Performance: Empirical Evidence of Malaysian Public Companies
Authors: Azlina Rahim ; Amrizah Kamaluddin ; Ruhaya Atan
Pages: 878-884
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.878.884
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate empirically the relationship between human capital efficiency and financial performance of Malaysian public companies. Using accounting data, this study reviewed the annual reports of Malaysian companies for a period of thirteen years from 2000 to 2012. The study applied Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAICTM) methodology developed by Ante Pulic to determine the human capital efficiency of a company. The regression models was construct to examine the relationship between human capital efficiency and financial performance measures including return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE).The results revealed that human capital efficiency has significant and positive relationships with financial performance. The human capital efficiency is seen as a value driver for a company’s competitiveness. Hence, the findings of this study should help companies’ managers to make better decision pertaining to investment of their strategic asset that is human capital.
Blockholders and Firm Performance: A Malaysian Evidence
Authors: Imani Mokhtar ; Sharifah Raihan Syed Mohd Zain ; Jarita Duasa ; Azhar Mohamad
Pages: 885-893
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.885.893
Abstract
This study enhances the corporate governance literature by investigating the influence of blockholders on firm performance. Employing panel data estimations, this study works on a sample of 526 non-financial listed firms in Malaysia from 2006 to 2015. Overall, our findings reveal that firm performance is negatively associated with blockholders presence but positively related to blockholders total ownership concentration. Further examinations reveal that identity of blockholders matters in influencing performance of the firm. We also found that board governance mechanisms particularly independent directors and CEO duality play a significant monitoring role in relation to firm performance. More importantly, our findings are robust to a wide variety of performance measure which includes accounting, market and value based measures. Finally, findings of our study could facilitate the regulatory bodies and firm managers in promoting better and effective corporate governance in Malaysia. Investors may also benefit from our findings in understanding corporate governance of Malaysian firms and thus diversify their investment portfolios.
Factors Influencing Ethical Decision-Making of Professional Accountants in Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Hafizuddin Shah Ismail ; Hilwani Hariri ; Razinah Hassan
Pages: 894-903
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.894.903
Abstract
Numerous incidences of unethical behaviours of accountant has been reported globally in the recent years have left significant impact to the accounting profession. These incidences raised concern of accountants’ ethical decision making. In the accounting profession, ethical decision making is a complex process partly due to accountants’ fiduciary obligatios to their clients, as well as protecting public interests.The objective of this study is to examine the effect of demographic factors (gender, age, professional qualification) and ethical ideology, on ethical decision making of accounting practitioners. A survey questionnaire comprises of Ethical Position Questionnaire and two ethical dilemma vignettes was distributed and 125 responds were analysed.Statistical analyses found that age and professional qualifications have significant positive influence on ethical decision making of practitioner accountants, suggesting that these two factors influence accountants to be stricter when confronting with ethical issues. Furthermore, this study also found that idealism as significantly influence ethical decision making of practitioner accountant in Malaysia. As a conclusion, age, professional qualification and idealism have influence on an accountant’s ethical decision-making in Malaysia.
Critical Success Factors for AIS Change: A Case Study in an Agricultural Company
Authors: Kamaruzzaman Muhammad ; Nor’Azam Mastuki ; Faizah Darus ; Erlane K Ghani
Pages: 904-915
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.904.915
Abstract
This study investigates the critical success factors of AIS change in an agricultural company. This study adopts the case study approach in achieving its objectives. The findings of this study show that the company has adopted several strategies to ensure the upgrading of the new AIS structure was successful. Several strategies were adopted. The strategies are allocation of sufficient resources and funds, hands-on training, user participation, proper management of resistance, effective project management, top management support, use of external and internal experts, system requirement analysis, established new policies and procedures, and system migration and integration. The findings of this study serve as a guideline for business practices and contribute to the academic knowledge and literature. In addition, this study contributes to the organisational change literature as well as to practitioners in understanding the critical success factors of AIS change. Understanding such a process provides further insight and serves as guidance to companies in managing future organisational and AIS change effectively.
Board of Directors and Environmental Reporting: Evidence From Plantation Industry
Authors: Raudah Siman ; Rina Fadhilah Ismail ; Zanariah Aziz@ Omar ; Zuraidah Mohd Zam
Pages: 916-925
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.916.925
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the extent of environmental reporting by listed firms in the plantation industry in Malaysia. The relationship between board characteristics and the extent of environmental reporting by listed firms in Malaysia plantation industry is examined for the first three years after the issuance of the new revised Malaysian Code of Corporate Governance in 2012 (MCCG 2012). Three board characteristics have been used to explain the level of environmental reporting by Malaysia’s plantation industry firms. The correlation analysis is employed to investigate the relationship between the board characteristics and environmental reporting. This study employs a content analysis method by reviewing 110 annual reports consisting of 37 firms listed in Bursa Malaysia for three years (2013-2015). The result reports that most of the board characteristics are not significantly related to environmental reporting by the firms. Out of six measurements, only the environmental related expenses have a positive relationship with environmental reporting. The results from this study may provide knowledge and empirical understanding concerning the environmental reporting practices by the plantation industry. The policy makers and regulatory bodies such as Bursa Malaysia and Securities Commission may consider formulating guidelines for reporting environmental information to encourage voluntary compliance.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Disclosure and Corporate Performance for Malaysian Plantation and Consumer Product Sectors
Authors: Norwazli Abdul Wahab ; Haslinda Yusoff ; Noryati Ahmad
Pages: 926-935
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.926.935
Abstract
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities have turn out to be important for corporate strategy in businesses. With an increased pressure from the stakeholders, these require the management of a company to be transparent and reliable in reporting their CSR activities. Perhaps, it is also imperative for the financial performance in a long term. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate the extensiveness of corporate social responsibility disclosure (CSRD) among plantation and consumer products listed companies on Bursa Malaysia. Additionally, this study looking evidence on the relationship between CSRD and company financial performance (CFP) of selected companies. The data is obtained through content analysis of the company annual reports and stand-alone sustainability reports for the period of 2003-2013. Based on the stratified sampling method, 40 companies have been selected. The four independent variables are the CSR framework outlined by Bursa Malaysia (community, environment, marketplace and workplace) and the dependent variables (return on asset and Tobin’s Q) is used in this study. Data were analyzed using E-views software. The findings discovered that consumer product sector recorded the highest CSRD which the workplace dimension become the preference while plantation is the least sector. Furthermore, the findings from the panel data regression models on the impact of CSRD associated with CFP, it revealed that there is a mixed relationship associated with return on assets (ROA) and Tobin’s Q (TQ). The findings of this study were particularly important not only to the existing literature but also for both sectors to consider the importance of CSR activities in their business operation activities.
The Influence of Risk Management on Construction Project Performance: A Case Study
Authors: Mazurina Mohd Ali ; Sakinah Zahra Norman ; Erlane K. Ghani ; Noor Hasniza Haron
Pages: 936-942
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.936.942
Abstract
Risk Management is recognized as an important exercise that creates value to a project and improves project performance. Time, cost and quality are the primary measures of a project performance in this industry. The success or failure in any construction project can be monitored through the attainment of these primary measures. Notably, Malaysian construction industry is considered as one of the important industries that positively contribute to the increase of Gross Domestic Product and subsequently the growth of the country’s economic development. Unfortunately, this industry suffers poor performance in which it leads to failure in accomplishing effective time, cost and quality performance. Most construction projects face a schedule delay, cost overrun and are poor in product quality. Thus, the aim of this study is to determine the influence of risk management on construction project performance of Malaysian companies based on these three primary measures. The degree of diffusion of risk management practice in the chosen construction project in Malaysia is also examined. The methodological approach exploited in this study is a case study approach involving analysis of documented data and face-to-face interviews with key players that hold different roles and responsibilities. They include a director, project managers, finance managers, contract managers and quantity surveyor managers. The results demonstrate that adopting effective risk management practices positively impacts project performance thus leading to project success. Nevertheless, the lack of knowledge and poor communication of risk management practices in construction projects contribute to the weak implementation of an effective and systematic risk management practices in Malaysia.
Exploring the Influence of Demographic Characteristics of Malaysian Citizens Towards Tax Evasion
Authors: Nur Quratun ‘Aini Haron ; Rina Fadhilah Ismail ; Nurul Nadiah Ibrahim ; Siti Aisyah Kamaruzaman ; Siti Syaqilah Hambali
Pages: 943-953
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.943.953
Abstract
The higher number of tax evasion cases and increase in the statistics of unpaid tax in Malaysia shows that Malaysian citizens still rationalize that the act of tax evasion as tolerable and acceptable. This study examines the linkages between citizens’ of Malaysia attitudes toward tax evasion with their demographic profile. This survey was undertaken in Malaysia, involving a representative sample of 173 of citizens.The scope of this study is limited to the salary earning citizens and retirees only. The salary earning and retirees are chosen as they are the potential taxpayers that may pay tax in future and thus their opinions seem reliable. This study found that Malaysian citizens find it acceptable to evade tax on all sizes of income regardless whether it is “a small part”, “a large part”, or “all part” of their income. From the demographic profile factor, it was found that only age and nature of employment have a significant difference on the attitudes towards tax evasion. On the other hand, the respondents’ gender, level of income and level of education seem to bear no significant difference to their attitudes towards tax evasion. In relation to age, this study found out that older people of above 55 are more opposed to tax evasion compared to citizens in the range of age 25 to 34 and 45 to 54. Such findings are expected as older people tend to become more compliant as they respect the law and the government compared to young people (Ross and McGee, 2011). Secondly, from this study, it appears that retirees are more opposed to tax evasion and there have a two-way tied for the least opposed to tax evasion which is self-employed taxpayers and employers. Retirees might be the ones opposed the most to tax evasion due to their age. Older people tend to respect the authority and law, hence are more averse. Self-employed people might be the ones who are the least opposed to tax evasion that could be due to availability of opportunities to evade tax is larger compared to other groups. In this study, it is also found that employers are the one who are the least oppose to tax evasion. Perhaps, employers earning high income may think that the tax system would reap all their hard work. Besides, employers may perceive that there are too many red tapes that might be a hassle for the employers to comply, thus they tend to evade tax. This study has provided useful insights to facilitate tax authorities in imposing actions and strategies regarding tax evasion.
Risk Based Internal Shariah Audit Practices in the Islamic Bank
Authors: Nurulhuda Abd Rahman ; Nor’azam Mastuki ; Nawal Kasim ; Muhamad Rahimi Osman
Pages: 954-961
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.954.961
Abstract
Shariah audit is an essential key function to ensure Shariah compliance in Islamic banking institutions. Shariah audit complements existing functions of conventional internal audit, which is lacking in providing adequate assurance on Shariah compliance. Hence, there is a need to incorporate Shariah audit function to existing corporate governance framework of Islamic banks (IB). However, there is not much guidance that auditors could refer to in order to perform comprehensive Shariah audit procedure. The current study intends to provide in-depth explanation on the process of internal Shariah audit, particularly on the planning, execution and reporting, also follow up phases. If focuses on the application of risk-based internal audit (RBIA) approach in the practices. The study adopts a qualitative approach of single case study in an attempt to achieve its objectives. By providing detailed explanation on practices of internal Shariah audit in Islamic banks, findings are expected to contribute in supplying valuable in-depth information for Islamic banks, as well as other Islamic institutions. This information is especially important for in strategizing internal Shariah audit practices as an important control and monitoring strategy in their business operation.
Bulls and Bears and Bankruptcy- An Early Warning of Distress
Authors: Eka Bertuah ; Erlane K. Ghani
Pages: 962-969
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.962.969
Abstract
This study examines possible indicators of financial distress: financial ratio; financial decision; the preferences of investors; and economic macro conditions. Based on these indicators, the model of financial distress was constructed using capital structure theory. The population in this study is manufacturing companies listed on The Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2003 to 2016. This study relies on the composite market index to detect whether the market is bullish or bearish using regression analysis time series. Then, the factor analysis and logistic regression are used. Models which predict financial distress in bearish markets are more accurate than in a bullish market. Investors, therefore, are more vulnerable ina bullish market. Equity financing will reduce the probability of financial distress in both bullish and bearish markets. This supports the pecking order theory in capital structure - when the companies need funding, an early funding alternative is to retain earnings.
ERP Sand Clock Barriers and Antecedents Model: From the Lens of Task Technology Fit Theory
Authors: Sharina Tajul Urus ; Tuan Zainun Tuan Mat ; Sharifah Nazatul Faiza Syed Mustapha Nazri ; Fadzlina Mohd Fahmi
Pages: 970-983
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.970.983
Abstract
The deployment of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems worldwide has become an evidence of the unprecedented movement towards integration of information technologies. The importance of continuance usage during the post implementation stage should not be neglected as to secure an optimal advantages offered by ERP system, that is achieved through minimizing ERP system usage barriers. As such, successful implementation of an ERP system does not necessarily guarantee that the system will be comprehensively used or accepted by users of the system. ERP benefits can only be realised and sustained if users continue to have favourable experiences in using the system. While many previous studies have examined ERP system during the implementation phase, only a few have revealed barriers to ERP usage as well its antecedent factors during the post-implementation phase. The purpose of this paper is to determine ERP system usage barriers and unearth the root causes to the barriers. To achieve the aim, this research was guided by the ‘soft-positivism’ paradigm, a paradigm that combines elements of positivism and interpretivism. By using this paradigm, the investigator brought certain prior expectations to the data analysis which are consistent with positivist research and which also build rich explanations from the data, consistent with the interpretive assumption. Based upon the lens of Task Technology Fit theory, this study adopts a qualitative method using multiple case studies. Three Malaysian organisations that had implemented ERP were investigated by conducting 30 semi–structured interviews and reviewing archival records and documents. The interviews were guided by the research objectives. Data were analysed by using open and thematic coding.The finding indicated four major areas of ERP usage problems: system, data, and technical infrastructure and interface problems. Besides that, several antecedent factors to the problems were identified. These factors fall into four major categories: organisation, user, task and technology, and include lack of support from either external or internal expertise, lack of individual strength and limited technology affordance. The outcome of this study was encapsulated in the form of the ERP Sand Clock Barriers and Antecedents Model.The paper contributes to post-implementation ERP system literature by stressing the complex relationships between usage barriers and antecedent factors. By identifying the underlying causes of SAP usage barriers, it could become the motivating factor for individual users to undertake reflective feedback and to achieve extended use of the implemented ERP system.
Corporate Accountability in Disclosing Carbon Information: Evidence from a Developing Nation
Authors: Faizah Darus ; Hidayatul Izati Mohd Zuki ; Haslinda Yusoff ; Noraslinda Mat Aris
Pages: 984-994
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.984.994
Abstract
The issue of climate change has been a significant concern globally both in the developed and developing economies. This study aims to uncover the quality of carbon information disclosed in a developing country i.e. Malaysia. A content analysis of the annual and sustainability reports of Top 100 companies in environmentally-sensitive industries in Malaysia over a two-year period in 2011 and 2014 was undertaken. The results revealed that the quality of carbon information provided by companies improved over the two-year period and the changes were significant. The companies were also beginning to translate quantitative details into monetary amounts. The dimension Carbon reduction and costs had the highest mean score for both years. The findings revealed that the construction industry had the lowest mean score for all dimensions in both years and this finding is a concern as activities of the construction industry are generally known to have numerous effects on the environment. The findings from the study revealed that companies are taking the initiatives to set carbon reduction targets to be achieved in the future, hence, a signal of enhanced corporate environmental accountability. Nevertheless, the overall low disclosure of carbon information may require the intervention from stakeholders to improve the quality of the report.
Page 10 of 12 |
Total Articles 167 |
Showing 136 to 150
Facebook
Twitter
Linked In