Tax Control Methods for Transactions Between Mutually Dependent Persons: Advantages and Disadvantages
Authors: Aidar M. Tufetulov ; Fatih Sh. Nugayev ; Andrey S. Zayats
Pages: 300-305
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.300.305
Abstract
The paper examines the methods defined by the Tax Code of the Russian Federation with regard to the tax control of transactions between interdependent persons. The authors of the paper reveal the basic principles of choosing a particular method of pricing in transactions between interdependent persons: the choice by the taxpayer of the optimal pricing method, which, with regard to all sides of the analyzed transaction, will give the most accurate and well-reasoned conclusion about the conformity of the price applied in the analyzed transaction to the market level; comprehensive analysis of the parties to the transaction taking into account the available data; general availability of information sources that allow information about comparable transactions to search for; the tax authority must justify and prove the impossibility of applying the previous transfer pricing method before proceeding to an analysis of the current transfer pricing method used in the transaction. The algorithms of application of each method, its advantages and disadvantages, as well as optimal economic situations for application of specific methods of pricing in transactions between interdependent persons are revealed. Based on the analysis carried out by the authors of the paper, a conclusion is made about the riskiness of applying methods of tax control of transactions between interdependent persons, since each method has inherent risks that can lead to a dispute between taxpayers and tax authorities.
The Analysis of World Trends of Territorial Branding Development
Authors: Boris M. Eidelman ; Oleg A. Bunakov ; Anna M. Nayda ; Liliya R. Fakhrutdinova ; Niyaz K. Gabdrakhmanov
Pages: 306-309
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.306.309
Abstract
This article deals with the problems of development and promotion of territorial brands on the level of countries, provinces and cities. Such states as Australia and Germany, the Austrian Tyrol and the city of China Hong Kong are the examples of territorial brands, showing their strengths and opportunities for the "advancement" of respective territorial entities. The article presents the author’s formulation of the category "territorial brand". Much attention is paid to the identification of modern world tendencies of development of regional branding. The author has tried to systematize and to analyse each of these trends. It is noted that the creation of territorial brands is an on-going process, the role and importance of which have steadily increased in recent years.
University Integration Management Algorithm in the National Innovation System
Authors: Gennady I. Lazarev ; Svetlana Va. Krivoshapova ; Vyacheslav G. Krivoshapov ; Anatoliy N. Yarygin
Pages: 310-315
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.310.315
Abstract
The current trends of development, ensuring the welfare of the state, are in continuous communication with innovation activity. Under the influence of complex and sustainable innovation processes, the concept of the national innovation system is embodied at the macroeconomic level in its totality. Numerous elements are seen in the conjugation of the national innovation system scale, among which higher education institutions, and their scientific and innovative potential take their place. However, the reverse side is inequality in the levels of university integration, which introduces a discrepancy between the degree of their effectiveness as the elements of the national innovation system. So it becomes urgent to have a specific set of steps to improve the level of university integration. The process of integration level increase must be governed necessarily by the principles of suitable integration condition management, where it is possible to justify waiting by creation of a management algorithm for university integration in the national innovation system. The result of such an algorithm application is the obtaining of a visual set of steps by a user to ensure the process of managerial decision making and implementation to improve the level of university integration in the national innovation system. The increase of university integration will directly enhance its interaction with other elements of NIS, and therefore will increase its contribution to the national economy development, and other priority areas of the state.
The Corporate Governance and Interdependence of Investment and Financing Decisions of Non-Financial Firms in Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad Farhan Basheer ; Salman Khan ; Saira Ghulam Hassan ; Muzafar Hussain Shah
Pages: 316-323
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.316.323
Abstract
This study investigates the interdependence between financing and investment decisions in the presence of corporate governance factors of three hundred non-financial companies listed on the emerging market of Pakistani Stock Exchange (PSX). The sample is chosen randomly over a five-year period from 2012 to 2017. Using a panel data methodology, the regression models are derived based on the simultaneous equation modeling. Four factors of corporate governance mechanisms are identified: family ownership, managerial ownership, board size and board composition. This is among the earliest studies in Pakistan to consider simultaneity of financing and investment decisions by adopting Panel Data estimation technique. The major contributions of this study are: first, financing and investment decisions must be determined simultaneously. The results show that both investment and financing have positive impacts on each other and there exists a simultaneity among them.
The Impact of the Socio-Economic Situation in the Region on the Quality of Competition Policy
Authors: Azat R. Safiullin ; Alina E. Sadykova
Pages: 324-327
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.324.327
Abstract
The article discusses various aspects of competition policy effectiveness analysis. At present, the antitrust legislation has reached a certain point in its development. It should be recognized that, despite the presence of a sufficiently developed legal tool in this area, the Russian law enforcement practice is still far from the best world standards and needs serious adjustment. It is noted that there is no system analysis in this direction at present, the available estimates are characterized by inconsistency, the lack of completeness and a low degree of reliability. It is shown that the competition policy in its current form based on the application of antimonopoly legislation in its protective version can formally lead to the decrease of efficiency criterion values in the form of economic concentration indicators, on the basis of which it is necessary to transform it in the direction of making it more active. They analyzed the main sources of antitrust laws. They listed the indicators of socio-economic development level, and the hypothesis was formulated about the existence of the relationship between the level of socio-economic development of a territory and the frequency of antitrust law violations. The performed analysis will give us the information about ranking, they will know the list of territories that need attention.
The Significance of the Resource Intensity of the Regional Economy the Development of the Oil and Gas Chemical Complex
Authors: I. L. Beilin ; V. V. Khomenko ; N. V. Kalenskaya ; A. A. Solntseva
Pages: 328-332
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.328.332
Abstract
Directions for the development of the regional petrochemical complex are directly dependent on the resource availability of the region’s territory, the level of their development, the amount of explored reserves, the volumes of extraction and rationality of use. The development and justification of the priority areas for the development of the petrochemical complex of the region for individual industries, industries and enterprises, based on the assessment of the efficiency of the use of the territory’s resources, is an important element in determining the development vector of the social and economic system of the region as a whole. The petrochemical complex of the Republic of Tatarstan includes enterprises of various petrochemical industries that produce virtually the entire range of petrochemical products. On the territory of the republic, a program has been developed and implemented that ensures sustainable reproduction and development of the mineral and raw materials base of the region, involving newly discovered minerals in the economic circulation. They allow replacing imported mineral raw materials or competing in the world market for the sale and consumption of mineral resources, products of their processing. The Republic of Tatarstan also possesses significant water and energy resources necessary for intensification of extraction and processing of raw materials by enterprises of petrochemicals. As a result of the analysis of the functioning of the petrochemical complex of this region, it was revealed that, based on the explored reserves of mineral resources, the most promising branches of the petrochemical industry are the production of organic synthesis products, which is the basis for the export of the Republic of Tatarstan. The petrochemical complex of this region is successful due to the situation on world commodity markets. The demand for mineral fertilizers and the production of organic synthesis chemistry demonstrates sustainable growth rates. The high degree of depreciation of fixed assets (more than 50%) and the insufficient level of investment are impeding the efficient functioning and dynamically developing of the petrochemical complex of the Republic of Tatarstan. In addition, the petrochemical industry is highly dependent on tariffs for the services of natural monopolies (gas, electricity), which will inevitably increase, including very significantly (to the level of European ones) due to the prevailing international situation and the natural process of the evolution of the world economy. All this can adversely affect the competitiveness of Tatarstan’s petrochemical enterprises.
Using Models of Collective Neural Networks for Classification of the Input Data Applying Simple Voting
Authors: Askar N. Mustafin ; Alexey S. Katasev ; Amir M. Akhmetvaleev ; Dmitriy G. Petrosyants
Pages: 333-339
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.333.339
Abstract
This paper deals with the use of neural networks in binary classification problems based on the simple voting method. It specifies that the accuracy of the neural network classification depends both on the choice of the network architecture and on the partitioning of data into training and test sets. It is noted that the process of building a neural network model is probabilistic in nature. To eliminate this drawback and improve the accuracy of classification, the need to combine several models in the form of a collective of neural networks is actualized. To build such a model, it is proposed to use the 0.632-bootstrap method. To aggregate individual solutions formed at the output of each neural network, it is proposed to use a single-choice simple voting. The choice of the model structure in the form of a single-layer Perceptron is justified, and its mathematical model is presented. Using the evaluation data of the functional state of a drunk human as an example, the results of an experimental assessment of the bootstrap error and the accuracy of the neural network model are presented. It is concluded that it is possible to achieve a higher accuracy of classification based on the neural network model when aggregating the results of all bootstrap models using the simple voting method. The accuracy of the constructed model is compared with the accuracy of other classification models. The accuracy of the constructed model was 96.7%, which on average exceeded the accuracy of other classification models by 6.6%. Thus, the neural network collective model is an effective tool for classifying input data using the simple voting method.
Ways of Environmental Improvement of Urban Recreational Zones on the Example of the Uritsky Park
Authors: Elvira G. Nabeeva ; Galina A. Yupina ; Renat I. Zamaletdinov ; Anastasia A. Zahvatova ; Nafisa M. Mingazova
Pages: 340-344
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.340.344
Abstract
This paper deals with the problem of ecological improvement of urban recreational zones. This problem is currently also relevant in Kazan. Despite the significant number of city parks and squares in the city of Kazan, their condition had not been given sufficient attention. The situation radically changed in 2016 after the announcement in the Republic of Tatarstan of the year "Parks and squares". The result of this program was the creation of initiative groups for the development of concepts of public areas. According to the developed program, 27 out of 130 green zones in the territory of Kazan were subject to renovation and reconstruction. Among them was the Uritsky park. In 2016-2017 the landscaping project of the given territory was implemented. The final project for the reconstruction of the Uritsky Park was developed by the Kazan architectural bureau – Evolution. During the implementation of the project in this area, a number of mistakes were made that do not allow it to be classified as an ecological improvement. This paper presents a new elaborate version of the improvement. The proposed project envisages overcoming some of the negative consequences of the previously implemented project. The proposed project is based on the already implemented project solutions. This will avoid additional costs.
Ways of Performance Improvement in Petrochemical Enterprise
Authors: L. B. Sungatullina ; A. Y. Sokolov ; D. G. Yankovskaya ; T. V. Elsukova ; E. I .Kadochnikova
Pages: 345-349
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.345.349
Abstract
The paper considers the problems of performance improvement in petrochemical enterprises. The possibilities of applying financial mathematics methods to assess the personnel efficiency are explored. The theoretical aspects of lean production which affect the growth of personnel efficiency are studied and practical measures for their implementation are developed. Economic calculations have been made and the change in sales revenue, net profit, net present value due to the introduction of elements of lean manufacturing in the petrochemical industry is assessed. Practical-oriented approaches to the differentiation of ways which determine the companies’ performance and serve as the basis for management decisions are formulated.
Quantitative Assessment of Primorsky Krai Fishery Cluster Competitiveness Factors on the Basis of the Porter Model Transformation
Authors: Olga Yu. Vorozhbit ; Natalia Yu. Titova ; Irina A. Kuzmicheva ; Olga V. Shnaider
Pages: 350-357
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.350.357
Abstract
The goals of Russian Federation state program "The development of fishery complex" # 314 approved by RF Government Decree on April 15, 2014 # 314, include the transition to an innovative type of industrial production the provision of global competitiveness for goods and services produced by the Russian fishery complex. However, a number of problems that exist in the fishing industry of Russian Federation hinder the achievement of the set tasks: the deterioration of the basic production assets, the shortage of efficient cooling capacities for storage, a high level of raw and shadow exports, an unfavorable financial situation for industrial organizations, and an imperfect regulatory and legislative base. These circumstances necessitate the resumption of integration processes, the search for new interaction forms and methods in the fishing industry. The aim of the study, the results of which are reflected in the article, is a quantitative assessment of the factors which contribute to and impede the development of the fishing industry cluster in Primorsky Krai on the basis of the technique application previously developed by the authors. The theoretical basis of the study is the model of M. Porter’s national competitive advantages "rhombus", the critical analysis of which allowed the authors to propose the division of production factors into basic resource and infrastructural ones, which is especially important for the Russian business environment. This transformation served as the basis for the developed methodology, which includes an integral indicator of clustering factor development. The analysis of each of its components on the developed scale allows to identify the degree of cluster initiative implementation, as well as to determine the most effective support measures based on the competitive advantages of the fishing cluster. The determination of the competitive advantages of clusters is carried out by the method of focus group conduct among the experts, and their quantitative assessment is carried out using the questionnaire method, which gives the assessment of the implementation and importance. The developed methodology can be used to develop normative and strategic programs for the creation and the functioning of industrial clusters, the development of which corresponds to the implementation of import substitution processes and the transition of Russia to an innovative type of development.
Recognition and Enforcement of Arbitration Awards in Kazakhstan
Authors: Maidan Suleimenov ; Assel Duisenova ; Kulyash Ilyassova ; Yerlan Ossipov ; Gulzhaukhar Kaziyeva
Pages: 358-367
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.358.367
Abstract
Arbitration, as an alternative way to resolve commercial disputes, has been used in Kazakhstan for more than twenty years. Arbitration Court is governed by Civil Procedure Code, The Law On Enactments and the Regulatory Resolution. The expansion of the list of documents in the Regulatory Resolution does not comply with the requirements of the New York Convention and therefore, the purpose of our study is to clarify it. The research institute of private law of the Caspian University together with Kazakhstan International Arbitration prepared proposals for making amendments and supplements to the Law On Arbitration and the CPC at the request of the Arbitration Chamber of Kazakhstan. Most of the proposals developed by us were approved and included in the Draft Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan On Amendments and Supplements to Certain Enactments of the Republic of Kazakhstan On Enhancing Protection of Title and Arbitration after discussion at the meetings of the General Meeting members of Arbitration Chamber of Kazakhstan. It was proposed to bringing in compliance with the New York Convention some paragraphs of the Art. 255 and the Art. 504 of CPC and a series of articles in the Law on arbitration. In this article also given answers to some questions of the arbitration court regarding corporate and marriage dispute, as well as an issue of contradiction public policy.
Problems and issues of national development in the newspaper "Kazakh adebieti"
Authors: Seidulla Sadykov ; Aigul Ramazan ; Marlan Negizbayeva ; Saltanat Bekniyazova ; Abay Saduakasov
Pages: 368-374
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.368.374
Abstract
Literary, cultural and art newspaper of an independent Republic of Kazakhstan – ‘Kazakh literature’ was a judge of justice and truth, and a preacher of national power having the trouble in its eighty five years of history. The edition had a mission to build and develop social concept leading the culture of the nation for the purpose of the country. It has been a part of history of the country being the source of political and social life of the nation. Many problems of the country had been solved by courtesy of the newspaper which couldn’t be ignored. During the Soviet Union the paper supported the mission of the nation in spite of Communist party which was cruel and violent. Because of it, the editors of the edition were precarious between fifties and eighties. Almost all the leaders of the newspaper were well-known writers, poets, publicists and personalities who showed them to be the real sons of their nation. During all periods of its history, the national edition united around itself and brought up ardent publicists, and with the power of a sharp word they fought for the bright future of their native land, for the fulfillment of the nation’s cherished desires. Therefore, from the mid-1950s to the 1980s, its editors-in-chief did not stay long in their post.
Methodological Approaches to University Instructors Professional Foreign Languages Competence Development
Authors: Zarudnaya M. V. ; Fominykh N.Yu ; Enygin D. V. ; Kudysheva A. A. ; Galakhov D. V. ; Epifanov D. A. ; Eferova A. R.
Pages: 375-381
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.375.381
Abstract
Development of foreign language professional competence of university instructors requires use of approaches different from those traditionally applied when teaching younger students. Research was conducted to determine the combination of approaches that will be suitable to train university instructors. In the course of the research, teaching approaches used in various countries were compared in terms of their efficiency when applied to adult audience. Moreover, such factors as teaching educators, the roles of a trainer and a learner, increasingly international environment and the learning environment were considered. Finally, implications of using teaching approaches when training educators were analyzed and the ones with the highers potential to produce the desired outcomes were selected. As a result the authors suggest that androgogical, competence-based, environmental, dialogic and student-centered approaches should be used to maximize learning outcomes in adult learners.
The Role of Dividend Payout in the Determination of the Relationship Between Earnings Before Interest and Tax Cash Flow From Operations, Capital Expenditures and Firm Sustainable Cash Flows: A Case Of Non-Financial Firms
Authors: Dhyaa Abdulrazaq Abduljabar Al-Laban ; Abbas Naser Saadoon Almshabbk ; Wissam Abdulkadhum Abdulridha
Pages: 382-390
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.382.390
Abstract
The prime objective of the current study is to determine the predictive ability to earnings before interest and tax, cash flow from operations, dividend payout, and capital expenditures for free cash flows. In addition to the current study is also intended to highlight the moderating role of dividend payout predictive ability to earnings before interest and tax, cash flow from operations, and capital expenditures for free cash flows. To achieve the objective of the study the data of 100 listed non-financial firms are collected from the annual report of the firms listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange. The data is collected over a period of six years from 2012-2017. To achieve the first set of objective regarding the direct results we have chosen OLS as a final statistical test after undergoing basic diagnostic analysis. To achieve the second set of objectives regarding the indirect effect of dividend payout, we have used the hierarchical multiple regression models.The statistical software, STATA is used for the analysis purpose. The findings of the study have shown a great deal of agreement with hypothesized results and also provided support to the pecking order theory and theory of free cash flow. The findings of the study will be helpful for policymakers, investors, scholars, and students in understanding the key factors which affect the free cash flow decisions and determine its predictability.
Dynamic Relationship between Foreign Direct Investment & Economic Growth in Iraq: Evidence from ARDL Bound Testing Approach
Authors:
Sundus Jasim Shaaibith ; Shatha Salem Daly ; Munaf Marza Neama
Pages: 391-395
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.391.395
Abstract
The connection between economic development and FDI has been very popular among economists and academia. The importance of this relationship is more significant in developing countries particularly with high unemployment rate and low technological advancement. This investigation is an effort to highlight the issue in Iraqi context by applying ARDL bound test estimation approach. For this purpose, yearly time series data over the period of 1971 to 2016 has been utilized to apply ARDL long run estimation. The results provide robust evidence supporting the view that Iraqi GDP is affected by foreign direct investment in long run. Further, bound test affirm the non presence of short-run causality relationship from foreign direct investment to GDP.
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Total Articles 167 |
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