Security Behaviors on Social Network Sites Used For Academic Purposes: A Comparison of Security Preparedness and Awareness among IT and Non-IT Postgraduate Students
Authors: Somia Moh. T. L. Ashafee ; Nur Haryani Zakaria ; Hatim Mohamad Tahir ; Norliza Katuk ; Mohd Nizam Omar
Pages: 839-846
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.839.846
Abstract
Security and privacy issues are a major concern to users of social network sites (SNS). These issues range from unauthorized access to personal information to cyber bullying. Previous researchers have been exerting different perspectives including technical, psychological and law to study privacy and security issues. However, the issues of security and privacy seems to be ongoing. In view of the security threats and privacy issues of student using SNS, this study sets out to examine the security awareness, preparedness towards cyber-attacks and security behaviors among IT and Non-IT postgraduate students. As such, 400 postgraduate students were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire. The findings reported in this study revealed that IT students have significantly high security awareness and behavior as compared to Non-IT students. However, there is no significant difference between the preparedness towards cyber-attacks of both IT and Non-IT students. Finally, this study demonstrates that there is a significant relationship between preparedness towards cyber-attacks and security behaviors. The theoretical and practical implications of this study highlight the importance of security awareness and understanding of technical-know how in preempting security attacks among SNS users.
Governance of Heritage Conservation: Overview on Malaysian Practice
Authors: Wan Nurul Mardiah Wan Mohd Rani ; Mohd Shakir Tamjes ; Mohammad Hussaini Wahab
Pages: 847-851
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.847.851
Abstract
Heritage conservation refers to the process of preserving, repairing, restoring and maintaining sites and buildings that have significant heritage values. In Malaysia, currently, heritage sites and buildings are currently facing great threat from new urban development particularly due to the need to accommodate the growth of population, infrastructure development as well as economic growth. The scarce of land supply in the heart of Kuala Lumpur city for instance has exposed this modern heritage city to severe from commercialisation pressure because of the land price. Whether to preserve and conserve is still in great debate among the policymakers, stakeholders and academicians. The importance of conservation comprised a significant impact on the three pillars of sustainability; social, economy and environmental. This research examines the gap in related documents such as national development plans of Eleventh Malaysia Plan (EMP), National Physical Plan (NPP), National Urbanization Policy (NUP) and specific guiding document / policy on the heritage conservation such as National Heritage Act 2005 (NHA), ICOMOS Charters and relating current by-laws that facilitates the conservation activities in Malaysia. Hence, the focus of this paper is to review and identify the gap of present governance and legislations to protect such heritage values from being demolished and destroyed. Finally, the paper identifies several best practice strategies towards better governance of heritage conservation.
Preserving and Conserving Malay Royal Towns Identity in Malaysia
Authors: Sharyzee Mohmad Shukri ; Golnoosh Manteghi ; Mohammad Hussaini Wahab ; Rohayah Che Amat ; Wong Hick Ming
Pages: 852-860
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.852.860
Abstract
Malay Royal towns in Malaysia are the best evolution examples of Malay towns dating from the 16th century which have a strong related history of old Malay Kingdom that are worthy of preservation. This paper aims to discover the significance of the royal towns so as to ensure its preservation. This research managed to identify the townscape characteristics that shaped the identity of Malay Royal towns in Malaysia. Based on the historical and physical evidences that are still exist, five (5) royal towns that gazated will be selected as study area namely; Anak Bukit (Alor Setar), Klang, Sri Menanti, Kuala Terengganu and Kota Bharu. This study utilized a series of qualitative approaches that included literature reviews of scholarly articles, historical map overlay, semi-structured interviews and site observations. The findings from this research expose that Malay Royal towns have a great significant in the development of Malay towns in Malaysia. These towns also reveal a few of townscape characteristics that are associate as an urban heritage, rich with identity, cultural and architectural significance. The paper concludes that a conventional conservation approach it seems insufficient to preserve and maintain the whole ideas of a Malay Royal town identity. A new comprehensive method of preservation and conservation will be generate in order to sustain the identity of the Malay Royal towns that represents the local and national identity.
An Encounter of Diversity of Building Signage in Traditional Street Character at Melaka Historical Centre
Authors: Nor Haslina Ja’afar
Pages: 861-865
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.861.865
Abstract
Today, street functioning as social arena is less sensitive towards designing a continuity of building appearance in terms of building signage design, thus creating an unattractive setting. The design of building signage nowadays that does not consider the whole context of the street and human scale aspects has created a chaotic ambience. Thus, this paper will discuss the continuousness of building signage design that contributes to street character by referring to traditional street model. A mixed method employing questionnaire survey (n=330), in-depth interview with street users (n=21), content analysis of archival data, and a visual survey was adopted. This study has chosen the streets at Melaka Historical City Centre because they represent the local character. Those streets are Jalan Tukang Besi, Jalan Tukang Emas, and Jalan Tokong. The study shows the continuousness of building design created by the diversity of building signage, thus creating an attractive environment to consider in the new street design. This study concludes that the result acts as a benchmark for designing the future or existing street as a public space. The new street milieu portrays the spirit of a place and has a potential in the future tourism sector by attracting them to places with local character.
Maximizing Crude Palm Oil Production in Malaysia: A Search for an Optimal Policy Using System Dynamics and Genetic Algorithm Approach
Authors: Norhaslinda Zainal Abidin ; Shri Dewi Applanaidu ; Mohd Zabid M. Faeid
Pages: 878-884
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.878.884
Abstract
Palm oil industry in Malaysia is experiencing a stagnant crude palm oil (CPO) production and has been lagging as compared to Indonesia. This situation can jeopardize Malaysia’s position in world palm oil marker since Malaysia needed to secure its export revenue and fulfilling increasing demand of palm oil both locally and globally in the future. The factors that influence the CPO production are many. Among others are the scarcity of plantation area, labour shortage, and demand from palm-based biodiesel industry. This study presents an integrated of system dynamics (SD) and genetic algorithm (GA) (SD-GA) model to find the optimal policy to improve CPO production in Malaysian palm oil industry. SD offers the platform to evaluate and to test policy while GA facilitate the process of searching the best solutions to achieve the maximum CPO production in 2050. The proposed model has produced five optimal values for five policy variables namely average replanting rate, mechanization adoption rate, and biodiesel mandate in transportation, industrial and other sectors respectively. The best solution suggested that CPO replanting rate need to be increased to 251743.5 hectares per year to decrease the accumulation of ageing area by optimizing all these policy variables. This study is expected to help policy makers in designing related policies and drawing the road map towards improving CPO production in Malaysian palm oil industry.
Sustainable Construction in Malaysian Mixed Development Projects: The Barriers and Critical Success Factors
Authors: Nur Fatin Syazwani Abu Bakar ; Syuhaida Ismail ; Rohayah Che Amat ; Serdar Durdyev
Pages: 885-892
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.885.892
Abstract
Malaysia is in a need of commitment to more sustainable development, rather than a traditional approach ‘grow first, clean up later’ to ensure the protection of environment and not to compromise needs of future generations. Although initiatives for the environmental protection have been introduced in 1960s, they have yet to receive a sufficient level of adoption amongst the construction stakeholders in Malaysia. Therefore, via questionnaire surveys to 130 professionals involved in mixed development projects, this paper aims at investigating barriers to, and critical success factors (CSFs) of sustainable construction (SC) in the mixed development projects in Malaysia. The outcomes translated via the Relative Importance Index (RII) technique reveal that the most critical barriers are SC projects are expensive, unwillingness to change to SC and high cost in purchasing technology, the learning curve cost and employing skilled labour, whilst the most significant CSFs are initial investment, commitment for changing behaviours, policy implementation efforts, guidance for SC, available of technology and materials and project procurement system. This paper focuses on the implementation of SC in delivering mixed development projects in Malaysia that is in line with the Malaysian sustainability goal in adopting the sustainable consumption and production concept. This paper is promoting sustainable development overseen by Malaysia via discussion of the SC directions and practices in delivering the Malaysian mixed development project.
Optimization on the Efficiency of the Construction Sector Companies in Malaysia With Data Envelopment Analysis Model
Authors: Lim Shun Jinn ; Lam Weng Hoe ; Lam Weng Siew
Pages: 893-898
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.893.898
Abstract
Construction industry contributes to the growth of economy in Malaysia. Therefore, efficiency is important to measure how well the construction company is performing in utilizing the resources to generate outcomes. The aim of this research is to evaluate the efficiency of the listed construction sectors companies in Malaysia with Data Envelopment Analysis model. In this study, BREM, DKLS, ECONBHD, HSL, KERJAYA, MELATI, MLGLOBAL, PTARAS, PUNCAK, SUNCON and ZECON are ranked as efficient companies which achieve 100% efficiency score. This study is significant because it helps to identify the efficient companies that serve as benchmark to other inefficient companies for further improvement.
Factors Influencing the Improvement of Students’ Communication Skill: An Industrial Training Intervention
Authors: Shazaitul Azreen Rodzala ; Maisarah Mohamed Saat
Pages: 899-906
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.899.906
Abstract
Communication skill has been globally recognized as among required attributes for graduates employability. This situation urges the stakeholders to find ways in preparing students with excellent communication skill. An implementation of iCGPA in public universities is one of recent initiatives taken by Ministry of Education with the aims to produce graduates who are balanced in both academics and non-academics. Undergoingindustrial training also is a good platform for students to improve their communication skillas they being exposed to hands-on-work. Thus, this paper aims to examine students’ communication skill improvement based on industrial training intervention. It also aims to examine the relationship between communication skill improvement and selected factors, and further explore the predictors of this improvement. A quantitative method using pre and post survey was adopted. The survey was conducted among undergraduate students from six different public universities in Malaysia. Overall, findingsof paired sample t-test reveal that students’ communication skill improvement has developed significantly after undergoing industrial training. The improvement were found to be correlated with program of study, motivation, leadership styles and organizational cultures. Using multiple regression analysis;extrinsic motivation, low power distance culture, medium size of organization and laissez-faire leadership style are the best predictor of communication skill improvement.
Analyzing Factors Attributing To Effectiveness of Performance Management System of a Manufacturing Industry
Authors: S. Panda ; M. Waris ; K. Asadullah ; U. Mehfooz ; A. Q. Adeleke
Pages: 907-914
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.907.914
Abstract
Performance Management System (PMS) is considered as one of the vital aspects of Human Resource Management. PMS is the focus of study in this paper. The effectiveness of Performance Management System of a manufacturing company in Malaysia has been studied. And for this study, factor analysis is conducted. Different factors attributing to effectiveness of Performance Management System have been extracted and the study highlighted that Reward and Development, Continuous Communication and Departmental Development, Standard and Goal Setting, Developing HR Systems, Policy and Tool for Performance Management, Performance Measurement, Performance Linkage to Payment Decisions, Fairness for Employee Appraisal, Implementation and Employee Control, and Performance Review and Employee Recognition are the factors responsible for PMS Effectiveness. It has been suggested for taking developmental measures to enhance the existing Performance Management System contributing more for the benefits of organization and also for the betterment of the employees of the organization. Firstly, the importance of Performance Management System and the factors attributing to its effectiveness have been discussed in the introduction section. Secondly, relevant literature is being reviewed. It is followed by discussion about the methodology adopted in this study. Fourthly, results pertaining to this study and their analysis have been discussed in detail. Finally, concluding comments have been mentioned.
Gender Diversity and Ownership Structure of Malaysian Firms in the Real Estate Sector
Authors: Noor Afza Amran ; Zaimah Abdullah ; Rokiah Ishak
Pages: 915-923
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.915.923
Abstract
This study aims to examine the relationship between gender diversity and real estate companies’ performance in Malaysia, whereby in 1985, the Government of Malaysia formulated a National Policy on Women as a guide for women’s participation. Panel data analysis was used to examine the gender diversity and real estates’ performance in an unbalanced panel of 549 observations for the years 2012-2015. The authors utilised an agency theory to inform the discussion of this paper’s findings. This study finds that the woman directors in the real estate companies are dominated by family-companies. The existence of block holders enhances the firm governance by monitoring the board activities which in turn increase their effectiveness and efficiency that lead to a higher firm performance. Both the managerial ownership and the institutional investors are significant in determining the firm’s performance. The reason may be due to higher ownership controlled by managerial and investor which makes them have a say in a company and try to pursue their objectives rather than the stakeholders’ interests. The findings have contributed to the body of knowledge especially on the women participation in Malaysia, and their contributions. Gender diversity does not destroy the firm performance; in fact, Malaysian companies should focus on the right combination of men and women on the board, rather than the presence of at least a woman on a board of directors. The findings outlay the scenario of women’s involvement in the real estate companies in Malaysia. There is a positive direction for women’s involvement in the board, but it is still a long way to go. Very limited studies delved on gender diversity and real estate companies in Malaysia, even though there is a policy by the Government on women involvement in Malaysia.
Firm Characteristics and Financial Reporting Quality: The Moderating Role of Malaysian Corporate Governance Index
Authors: Rokiah Ishak ; Noor Afza Amran ; Kamarul Bahrain Abdul Manaf
Pages: 924-932
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.924.932
Abstract
The principle role of financial reporting is to provide investors with useful information for investment decision makings. In this study, we examine whether corporate governance moderates the relationship between firm characteristics and financial reporting quality. We use earnings management as measure for financial reporting quality. This study uses secondary data obtained from Thompson Database. The sample of this study is firms listed on the Main Market of Bursa Malaysia from 2012 to 2015. The results of our study reveal that there is a positive value of abnormal cash flow which indicates that companies do practice earnings management through manipulation of cash flow from operations. Large firms are practicing earnings management. Factors such as many business segments and business complexity have encouraged large firms to manage their earnings by manipulating their cash flow from operation. In contrast, firms with high leverage and firms audited by Big 4 are less likely to involve with earnings management. Interestingly, when corporate governance index is used as moderating variable, our result shows that only firms audited by Big 4 are related to earnings management. In terms of the contribution of the study, this study is important for the development of Malaysian capital market and it help investors to better understand how the impact of corporate governance mechanisms on financial reporting quality varies across firms.
Trading Performance Analysis: A Comparisons Between the Original MA Crossover and Modified MA Crossover Strategy
Authors: Afiruddin Tapa ; Mohd Hasimi Yaacob ; Ahmad Husni Hamzah ; Yean Soh Chuen
Pages: 933-941
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.933.941
Abstract
This paper empirically analyses the Trading Performance by using technical analysis approach. The original moving-average (MA) crossover strategy as compare with the modified moving-average crossover strategy. The modified trading rules are the rules that been established to trading rules such as entry rule, exit rule, holding rule, and stop-loss rule. The results show The MAshort of 10-period for modified strategy underperform the original strategy, except for MA (10,100). The modified MA (20,200), (50,100), (50,200), and (100,200) underperform the original strategy. Only modified MA (20,50) and (20,100) outperform the original strategy. The outperformance and underperformance due to the stricter additional trading rule that reduces trading signals, and thus lower number of trades.
The Effects of Liquidity, Profitability and Board Characteristics on Debt Restructuring Likelihood Among Malaysian GLCs
Authors: Adilah Azhari ; Hanita Kadir
Pages: 942-950
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.942.950
Abstract
This study investigates the cross-sectional variation in debt restructuring among Malaysian publicly listed Government Linked companies (GLCs) and non-GLCs (NGLCs) for the period of from 2005 to 2015. It attempts to test several firm determinants that can influence the likelihood of Malaysian GLCs to exercise debt restructuring. Past studies argue that liquidity and profitability influences firm’s choice to exercise debt restructuring. This study proposes variants of board of characteristics as one of the influential factors in GLCs debt restructuring since board of directors for this type of organization are usually controlled or owned by government. We employ imbalanced panel data with logistic regression as the method of analysis. The findings show that liquidity, profitability and board characteristics have significant relationship with debt restructuring. The results for profitability indicates that firm with low profitability has higher chance for debt restructuring exercise. However, liquidity has recorded an opposite relationship in our sample. This may be due to our liquidity measures the focuses on short term assets which is less appropriate in debt restructuring context. With regards to board characteristics, three variables such as board size, fraction of Malay directors and fraction of directors with Master degrees show negative and significant relationship influence on the debt restructuring.
Board of Directors, Audit Committee and the Financial Performance of Listed Companies in Malaysia
Authors:
Ali Thamer Mutasher Nawafly ; Ali Saleh Ahmed Alarussi
Pages: 951-957
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.951.957
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between selected components of corporate governance and financial performance of listed companies in Bursa Malaysia. In this study, the most critical components of corporate governance including board independence, board size, board expertise, audit committee size, audit committee independence, and audit committee expertise, have been examined as the independent variables that influence the financial performance of companies listed on Bursa Malaysia. This study used a sample of 150 non-financial listed companies in Malaysia. This study differs than previous studies that separately study the effect of either the board characteristics or the audit committee characteristics. This study concerns on the combined effect of both, board of directors and audit committee, about return on equity. The study is based on companies’ data for the year 2014. Regression analysis is conducted using Statistical Package for Social Science Version 22 (SPSS 22), and the outcomes of this study show significant and positive relationships between all the independent variables and financial performance of companies listed on Bursa Malaysia. The study ended up with positive suggestions based on the limitations that have been faced while conducting this study.
The Effectiveness of 1Malaysia People's Aid Program to the B40 Group in the Rising Cost of Living: An Exploratory Case Study in Rural District of Kedah
Authors: Shazida Jan Mohd Khan ; Norehan Abdullah ; Siti Hadijah Che Mat ; Abu Sufian. Abu Bakar ; Jamal Ali ; Hussin Abdullah
Pages: 958-964
DOI:
doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.958.964
Abstract
Based on the consumer price index (CPI) issued by the Department of Statistics, prices of goods and services have generally increased by 29 percent in general over a period of 10 years, between 2005 and 2015. BR1M or 1Malaysia People’s Aid program is devised by the Malaysian Government as the effort to ease the burden of lower income group in Malaysia. The program is devised to help the lower income group cushion the high cost of living in Malaysia. Hence this research study the implementation of BR1M by conducting an exploratory case study in a rural district in Kedah to gain input on the level of satisfaction and the self-sufficiency of the of BR1M recipient. Findings show that BR1M needs continuous improvement and revisiting the plan.
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Total Articles 180 |
Showing 121 to 135
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